
One of a well system's three primary parts, together with the pump and pressure switch, is the well pressure tank. This appliance helps control water pressure in your house in addition to storing water. The pressure tank's function is to stop the well pump from starting and stopping each time you turn on a tap. This extends the life of your system and makes it function better. Let's delve into the role of a pressure tank in your well system.
How Does A Well Pressure Tank Work?
Water and compressed air are intended to be stored in all well pressure tanks. Water is sent to the faucet in your house when someone turns on the faucet due to the air pressure in the tank, which continues until the pressure lowers to the proper level.
This tells the pump to start operating. Then, as soon as the faucet is turned off, the tank fills again and its internal pressure rises. The capacity of the pump to generate water determines the size of the tanks, which vary.
The must have sufficient capacity to hold a volume of water equivalent to the pump's one-minute runtime. This keeps the pump from cycling on and off too frequently and enables the pump to cool itself using fresh water. You might require a larger tank if your pressure switch is cycling more often than once every minute.
Now, let's delve into the diverse types of pressure tanks and their unique mechanisms:
Bladder Tanks -Bladder tanks feature a flexible membrane or bladder that separates the air and water compartments. As water enters the tank, it compresses the bladder, thus increasing pressure. This design offers excellent efficiency and minimal maintenance requirements, as the bladder prevents water from coming into direct contact with the tank's interior, reducing the risk of corrosion and bacterial growth.
Diaphragm Tanks -Diaphragm tanks operate similarly to bladder tanks but employ a diaphragm instead of a bladder to separate the air and water chambers. The diaphragm flexes in response to changes in water pressure, ensuring consistent pressure levels. Diaphragm tanks are renowned for their durability and reliability, making them a popular choice for residential well systems.
Air-over-Water Tanks -In contrast to bladder and diaphragm tanks, air-over-water tanks feature a single chamber filled with both water and air. As water is pumped into the tank, it displaces the air, compressing it and creating pressure. These tanks are simpler in design but may require more frequent maintenance to monitor and adjust air pressure levels.
There are various capacity measurements available for well water pressure tanks. A diaphragm or bladder tank's "Equivalency Rated Size" designates the air-over-water tank's equivalent size that it can replace. The tank's overall volume, not its useable capacity, is its "Actual Capacity." "Drawdown" refers to the volume of water supplied before the pump restarts, or the quantity of usable capacity.
Proper air pressure, usually a few PSI below the pump's low-pressure setting, needs to be frequently checked in all pressure tanks. If you see water coming from the air valve, irregular water pressure, frequent pump cycling, or tank leaks, you should have a professional evaluate your tank.
Signs You Need A New Pressure Tank
Water pressure is maintained by well pressure tanks; pressure can be lost via air valve leaks or bladder or diaphragm ruptures. These malfunctions result in brief cycling of the well pump, which may lead to the pump failing or losing capacity.
Even though well pressure tanks are made to be durable and strong, issues can occur at any time. Frequent inspections and preventative maintenance can help to avert such problems. However, a variety of issues, such as the following, can affect pressure tanks:
1. Frequent Cycling -If your well pump is turning on and off frequently, it could indicate that your pressure tank is failing to maintain consistent pressure. This cycling, known as short cycling, can strain the pump and lead to premature wear and tear.
2. Decreased Water Pressure -A noticeable decrease in water pressure throughout your home, especially when multiple fixtures are in use simultaneously, may signify a malfunctioning pressure tank. As the tank loses its ability to regulate pressure, you may experience reduced flow rates and weaker water pressure.
3. Waterlogged Tank -Over time, pressure tanks can become waterlogged, meaning that the air chamber becomes filled with water instead of air. This can result in diminished pressure regulation and increased strain on the well pump. If you hear excessive gurgling or observe waterlogged conditions within the tank, it's a clear indication that replacement is necessary.
4. Excessive Rust or Corrosion -Inspect the exterior of your pressure tank for signs of rust or corrosion. These issues can compromise the structural integrity of the tank, leading to leaks or ruptures. If you notice any significant rusting or corrosion, it's advisable to replace the tank promptly to prevent further damage.
5. Age of the Tank -Pressure tanks typically have a lifespan of 10 to 15 years, depending on factors such as usage and maintenance. If your tank is approaching or exceeding this timeframe, it's wise to proactively replace it, even if you haven't experienced any specific issues yet.
Key Benefits Of Installing A Pressure Tank
Consistent Water Pressure -Pressure tanks act as a reservoir, storing pressurized water that can be readily used. This ensures consistent water flow, eliminating annoying pressure fluctuations and providing a more enjoyable showering and appliance-use experience.
Extended Pump Lifespan -By storing pressurized water, the tank reduces the need for the pump to turn on and off frequently. This significantly reduces wear and tear on the pump, extending its lifespan and saving you money on potential replacements.
Energy Efficiency -Less frequent pump cycling translates to lower energy consumption. This is not only good for the environment but also helps you save on your energy bills.
Reduced Water Hammer -Pressure tanks help absorb sudden pressure surges, also known as water hammer, which can occur when a faucet is turned off abruptly. This protects your pipes from potential damage and reduces the risk of leaks.
Emergency Water Supply -In case of a power outage or pump failure, the pressure tank provides a limited emergency reserve of pressurized water, allowing you to access essential water for a short period.
See Also: 5 Different Types Of Well-Pressure Tanks Pros And Cons Explained